A) Standard of living. What does it mean? What is the difference between material wealth and spiritual, emotional, and creative wealth? What is the relationship between the two? What is comfort? What is necessary? Unnecessary? What would be a reasonable standard of living?
Most people take for granted that they will have life’s essentials to survive like shelter, food, and clothing. These are some of the basic necessary things you need in life. Unnecessary items like expensive name brands shoes, accessories, the biggest house that only has two people hardly living it is extravagant living. The standard of living is really high here in America and South Korea. The living cost is expensive in Seoul. The younger generation wants to buy more items like Chanel and over priced items that are really status symbols. The more stuff we have the more we feel better. Material belongings are only what one person makes it. People are spending time on making more money to gain more stuff and not thinking of other people. Spiritual gain is more precious than material gain in most religions. Having the big name product is only a temporary happiness rather than having a spiritual gain that will last a life time. It is up to the individual to make a choice about what is the most important thing in to their lives. America is worried about who has the most stuff. There will be lack of resources to produce luxury items. The basic things in life are not material things but also rather thos things that bring about emotional fulfillment. Everyone has different needs and wants. It is human nature to want more than what someone else has. There will always be conflict between classes. The Standard of living should apply to everyone if possible.
B) Relationship of humans to each other and nature; consider local and global aspects of this issue.
According to Huntington, the future conflicts of the world will be the result of clashing of civilizations. There will be a stronger desire for each civilization to identity itself. The world is getting smaller because there is more interaction among countries. There will be economic advances and therefore there will be the more trading. The west vs. the rest of the world will be gap to showcase different cultural characteristics, and will there be more tension since there will be cultural differences. Regions will be split into the conservative traditional areas versus the modernized west. The west looked at themselves as at policing the world but many countries sees US as an empire. More and more countries are feeling aggression towards US’s frequent involvement in the world’s affairs. The tie with Israel will remain tight. Imagined geographies involve looking at another country with a previous perceived stereotype. We assume what the people are like even without ever contacting them. For instance to see the world through these lenses would cause the to world be distorted and cause more conflict. We will eventually see each other so differently that it does not matter anymore. The interpersonal relationships between individuals and countries will have gone astray that it will be hard to reattach after a serious blow like blaming each other for the problems. More hostility will increase with violence and time goes on. Soon we will be boxed in and be paranoid about our neighbors like the red scare. Our contact with others will be through computer screens instead of face to face meetings. The lack of communication will decrease the chances to find mutual agreement. On the local level here on campus, the activity and participation in group work would help to teach about good skills on working together. The student groups such as the International Students Organization, Black Student Union and Wesleyan Change group and the Sociology club are striving to have greater awareness of differences such as social problems such as race and class. More participation in small community groups will help to create a friendlier environment.
C) The structure of government and leadership, world, regional, local, the nature of democracy? What might happen to the nation-state as we know it?
In the Pentagon’s New Map, the US has a four rule set which is a collection of rules that dictate how activities normally unfold. The world is split into the gap and the core. The core consists of the powerful, developed nations who follow the rules set. The rules set are reachings democratic goal, higher technology standards, political security and capital economy. The basic argument for the Pentagon is that war is viewed only one way with one super opponent. The US’s response to this is threatening and builds up walls around us. To shrink the gap the focus is on strengthening boarders, increasing security, and changing the system’s administration. US’s goals are using aid to help to construct countries in the gap. The “lesser included” such as North Korea will not be joining the core anytime soon. Due to the fact that the country is not in our set rule number one which is about democracy. North Korea will not be the biggest threat to the West but rather China or Russia. Barnett writes that the Manthropes Curves says that Russia will come back in 20 years. We will have a huge conflict with either China or Russia over resources. The power elite, the upper class white male is the hegemonic ideal for a time until Hillary Clinton or some other upper class white female wins the presidential election. We will be able to tighten our boarders until no one will come inside the country easily.
D) Economic structure, use and distribution of resources. Consider economic conversion, sustainability, future of capitalism
In Klare’s Resource Wars: The New Landscape of Global Conflict, he writes that resources are the heart of conflict. The US is fighting a war not about terrorism but on resources. The earth resources are valuable because they are lacking. The West is getting control of the areas like the Caspian Basin. Oil, water, and land are the most practical resources on high demand. Since oil is used in most modern countries, there will not be a drastic decline in this resource. The Caspian Basin is one region that is protected and searches for oil. The water location, like the control of the Nile is a huge supply for not just for Egypt but also forthe other surrounding countries. Even though there have been Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) or the United Nations Convention of Law rules, the demand for these resources will be greater, and transporting will become dangerous. The money should be going to developing alternative ways of means. In the short movie called No Logo the author is explaining about the multiple national corporations and the global shift with free trade in other world’s globalization. There is globalization, where all the same brands are everywhere in the world. It is not about changing politics not nationally but globally. The human causalities are not remembered when resources and products are made. There are the forgotten people who die or suffer in process of making and obtaining materials. Non-profits organizations like Oxfam will increase awareness of the inequality that people have to suffer in order to live. The rate of unemployment will rise and the economic will predictably go into a rollercoaster until World War III breaks out with nuclear warfare.
E) What might happen to the conflict in education, law, medicine, religion, and other social institutions? How might these look in the society you envision?
Welfare will continue be a tool to help the poor. There will be help provided as benefits to all regardless of income, the basis of citizenship, or public assistance. The class inequality will continue as a form of social control. The gender divisions of labor will be less. The inequalities of society will remain because there will not be equal chances for all. The minorities of religions, races, and other groups will be outcaste. One of the many things that is needed is more affordable income to poor families and teaching those ideas to get out of poverty like microfinance. We need to pick elected officials who want to see these changes. The leaders we pick will pass laws that will affect the poor. There will be more sectional parts of cities and the division of race and class will be more apparent. My vision for people is that violence will peak with everyone in arms. Since the second amendment gives us right to bare arms, that law will still be the factor of having allowed guns in this society. Passing laws against or making stricter guns laws will help to keep guns away. Countries like Japan where guns are illegal have a lower rate of gun murders than the US. In the future children will be taught how to be more humble and other good character qualities. There will be change in people. The masses will not realize how the government is controlling our mind.
F) Forms of conflict resolution and expressions of anger and rage. The terrorist show their anger by using asymmetrical warfare. Other acts of violence like the Virginia Tech School shooting are another act of rage. The Virginia Tech shooting is dissected like an onion. There are many layers of how we could have prevented it. The United States will start having education on peace studies and over the next forty years, many of the required classes in high school and college will be on peace studies. Elementary courses in peace and conflict resolution will start earlier in the education system. More teachers are trained to mange conflict in class and to seek help with parents and counselors. Training teams will not only be for the professional but for all who deal with child development such as parents and teachers. Peaceful by peaceful means’s the diagram of the TBP triangle is a good start to settle conflicts. Following the right formula is going to the right direction for a peaceful resolution. First, diagnosis the problem and what is the type/nature of the conflict. What is the problem? Determine whether the problem could be cultural that is racism. Now the prognosis, what are the likely outcomes of doing nothing doing x, y, or z. Lastly, treatment which is your to help yourself, intervention, artistic, or lethal way. The curative which is direct violence and preventive is how we prevent indirect violence. Many more grass roots groups will form to end violence among countries and more peace troops will be placed in conflict zones. Peace Brigades International Peace is an example of a group that helps by not using violence to end conflicts. Peaceful resolution means negative or positive peace. The ideal is having absolute peace but that is not realistic but positive is next to the best answer. The society will stride for sustainable peace but eventual fail. There have been peaceful solutions to problems. Peaceful movements or social movements have been Gandhi, Poland, and Denmark. There will be more of the next generation protesting for peace. The extreme opposite opinion on how society will be is the movie Omega man comes to my mind. Everyone who has been affected by a terrible incurable disease goes psychotic after a nuclear war. Everyone will blame technology for the downfall of mankind.
G) Consider how children are to be raised in this new world you have envisioned H) What role did you play in the whole change? Where did you fit in terms of work, family, etc? How did these changes come about?
From the power book I looked at my new society will focus on the fixing the institutions such as family and school. Since the world is socially constructed, the first step is education. At first there is a reorganized criterion for children’s education. Education will always be the most important right for all children. Human rights will be taught in elementary schools. The universal of the rules will be promoted through out the world. Family courses will be taught at younger ages to help out young parents. In many homes both parents will be working so family life will change. We need new laws to prevent the neglect of children. More social activities will be promoted at a younger age. It is better to have plans so parents can go home from work at the earlier stages at the child’s life so they can actually parent them and not stay at work. Spending quality time with children should be the companies and business’s quota for employees.
Most likely I will be watching all the changes go by without thinking much of it. 40 years seems a lot right now so it is hard to imagine what life might be like. I can not even think of 10 years ahead much less 40 but in the distant future I would like to see more equality and help by volunteering directly to the poor but also helping to develop other ways to get people out of poverty. Education is very important but it depends what is being taught. The most useful information for someone who is not getting educated is life skills such as interpersonal relations and how to survive. Since there are more disconnected people it will not be hard to see how people will be on their own. I hope not to have an abusive husband or a child that signs up for war. I am a pacifist and violence should be the last resort. I will continue to believe in that the world is meant to be this way and I can only help out by giving direct aid. The world will be changing but I think my beliefs on violence and hope for a peaceful world will not. Changes will occur but social movements are not the same as they once were. For my future job I hope I do not get stuck in an office desk job but hope to gain a position to help others. I want my child to have public school education and then a private school education. I think giving more opportunities to children who has no parents and under privileged children is important. We need to fund more programs to aid the most focused groups such as the poor. The fund raising and putting more money to help others will help to make the playing field fairer. My goal is that when I can get myself into a good position I will give back to the orphanage in South Korea. Many children in the orphanage have some kind of physical or mental disability but providing grants or scholarship for getting education. I would like to set up sister schools in America for girls in china so at least the orphanage girls get a good quality education for one year. Providing good a quality of education is a major platform that I think is the most important idea to help society as a whole. Without my teachers or the education institutions that I went to I would not have gotten a college degree.
Friday, April 27, 2007
Monday, April 16, 2007
Agrarian Reform
government-initiated or government-backed redistribution of agricultural land (see land reform) or can refer more broadly to an overall redirection of the agrarian system of the country, which often includes land reform measures. Agrarian reform can include credit measures, training, land consolidations, etc.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrarian_reform
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrarian_reform
Sunday, April 15, 2007
Nepal's recent news
In recent news article about Nepal:
“The government and former rebels agreed to hold elections on June 20 to choose a special assembly that is to rewrite the constitution and determine the future political system of the Himalayan nation, long a constitutional monarchy.
The rebels gave up their armed revolt last year and joined a peace process with the government. They have locked up their weapons in seven UN-monitored camps and confined their fighters to 28 barracks.”
http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C04%5C16%5Cstory_16-4-2007_pg4_22
Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala attended a dinner organised by the Nepali Army on the occasion of New Year 2064 B.S. at the Army Headquarters on Saturday evening.
http://www.nepalicommunity.com/url/goto.php?url=http://news.google.com/news/url?sa=T&ct=us/2-0&fd=R&url=http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/content.php%3Fnid%3D16729&cid=1115412460&ei=uwUjRtvtApiG0AGtobXsAQ
The country's elderly prime minister was a no-show for an emergency session of his cabinet on Sunday. That prevented coalition leaders from holding a critical meeting to set a new date for national elections. The Maoists have now, threatened to pull out of the interim government if the election is delayed and called for Nepal's unpopular king, Gyanendra, to be dethroned ahead of the polling.
http://www.nepalicommunity.com/url/goto.php?url=http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/nepal/SIG=11nv3kp41/*http%3A//www.voanews.com/english/2007-04-15-voa14.cfm
“The government and former rebels agreed to hold elections on June 20 to choose a special assembly that is to rewrite the constitution and determine the future political system of the Himalayan nation, long a constitutional monarchy.
The rebels gave up their armed revolt last year and joined a peace process with the government. They have locked up their weapons in seven UN-monitored camps and confined their fighters to 28 barracks.”
http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007%5C04%5C16%5Cstory_16-4-2007_pg4_22
Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala attended a dinner organised by the Nepali Army on the occasion of New Year 2064 B.S. at the Army Headquarters on Saturday evening.
http://www.nepalicommunity.com/url/goto.php?url=http://news.google.com/news/url?sa=T&ct=us/2-0&fd=R&url=http://www.gorkhapatra.org.np/content.php%3Fnid%3D16729&cid=1115412460&ei=uwUjRtvtApiG0AGtobXsAQ
The country's elderly prime minister was a no-show for an emergency session of his cabinet on Sunday. That prevented coalition leaders from holding a critical meeting to set a new date for national elections. The Maoists have now, threatened to pull out of the interim government if the election is delayed and called for Nepal's unpopular king, Gyanendra, to be dethroned ahead of the polling.
http://www.nepalicommunity.com/url/goto.php?url=http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/nepal/SIG=11nv3kp41/*http%3A//www.voanews.com/english/2007-04-15-voa14.cfm
Wednesday, April 4, 2007
nepal's future?
I believe like any other developing country Nepal is in transitional stage and once the civil war conflict ends the country can become stronger. Maoist and central Government settle their differences not in violence maybe the country people can have more stability. Nepal has their cultural traditions and tourism can bloom or industry can grow bigger and take interest for self development.
Like woman and slowly cultural acceptance of being in business. Human rights among children and woman should be improved. Right now there is a Maoist in the government. But I think their moving the right direction with having peace and not a major retaliation since the elected Maoist leader.
Nepal is a unstable nation. Hopefully this next election of the new parliamentary will stay in place and actually restore confidence in the Nepalese. I think bringing in education and educate the masses will help to increase the lives of all citizens.
Like woman and slowly cultural acceptance of being in business. Human rights among children and woman should be improved. Right now there is a Maoist in the government. But I think their moving the right direction with having peace and not a major retaliation since the elected Maoist leader.
Nepal is a unstable nation. Hopefully this next election of the new parliamentary will stay in place and actually restore confidence in the Nepalese. I think bringing in education and educate the masses will help to increase the lives of all citizens.
Tuesday, April 3, 2007
EDUCATION/other info on nepal
Primary education runs from grade 1 through 5.
Secondary education consists of lower secondary (grade 6 to 8),
upper secondary (grade 9 to 10) and higher secondary (grade 11 to 12).
Students will receive a School Leaving Certificate after completing grade 10. The streams for higher secondary education are education, science, commerce and humanities after which they receive a Higher Secondary Certificate.
Students have the option of attending Basic Technical Schools after grade 5 to be awarded a Training Level Certificate.
average literacy rate of these groups is 27.7%,
INCOMEThe per capita income in Nepal is only US$250 per annum
The intensity of poverty is highest in the Far and Mid-Western Regions of the country, especially in the hilly areas
http://www.nepal.com/education/
http://www.unesco.org/kathmandu/education/scenario.php
Conditions for Women and Children
Micro-credit programmes
are gaining popularity among women in the camps. These programmes enable women to do economic activities which they can manage themselves. The goods they produce are only sold within the camp so the financial gains of such programmes are not large. But they do enable women to become more self-sufficient to the point that they can meet their household needs, as well as boosting their self esteem and dignity.
Trafficking of girls and women for sexual exploitation in Nepal is a serious problem and has haunted the nation for several decades already. An increasing sex market in India and its illusive underworld network in some urban and rural areas of Nepal have further intensified the problem
Incidence of maternal death is high in Nepal where 1 woman dies every 2 hours. The Nepal Family Health Survey reported that, between January 1997 and January 1998, 132 out of the 640 deaths of all women of reproductive age were due to complications during pregnancy, childbirth or the postpartum period. Maternal deaths accounted for 20.6% of all deaths investigated and were the leading cause of female mortality. 9 out of 10 maternal deaths happened in rural areas and 6 out of 10 happened after delivery. Less than one-third of the women had received antenatal care and only 8% of them had a trained health worker present as they gave birth
.http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/news/opendoc.htm?tbl=NEWS&id=440dbcc54
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12322288&dopt=Abstract
Youth have left their homes or have joined the rebels or have been killed in the civil war between the rebels and the government. Most villages are empty, what ever they have are the old and sick parents unable to make it to the city, and trying to survive the best they can. Kids spend most of their daily life doing house-hold works. Because of the civil war, Nepal's beautiful villages with magnificent mountains and landscape are as empty as ghost town
Most Nepalese live on a $1 day or less!
Nepal is the poorest country in Asia. Country's 10% of the population takes 50% of the wealth, the bottom 40% takes 10%
85% of Nepalese don't have health access
World's 48th poorest country is Nepal
Total Debt of the country * External $2.55 Billion, about $97 per person
Nepalese rural people are poor due to lack of access to resources, low-productivity land, roads to obtain agriculture inputs and to sell agriculture produce
Nepal's many of the social indicators are the lowest in South Asia
Nepal's population will be 48 million by 2030
Did you know that? Rain is very important to Nepal's economy. Country's 80% of people are into agriculture. Often when there is no rain farmers worship the Lord Indra - the mythical Hindu god of rain.
Maoist's bandhs have kept much of Nepal’s countryside paralyzed, causing severe poverty and hardship source
Dollar Amount Per Year http://www.nepalvista.com/realnepal/poverty.htmlHunger http://www.wfp.org/country_brief/indexcountry.asp?country=524
world at 540 per 100,000 live births, adult literacy among the lowest at less than 60 percent, with pronounced gender and regional disparities in school enrolment.
Refugee Issues http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29462Other Though figures are hard to come by, a recent UN mission on IDPs estimated that between 100,000 to 200,000 Nepalis have been displaced by the 10- year-old insurgency within the country. Several thousands have crossed over into India in search of work and security.
Nearly 12,000 people have died in the conflict, victims of both Maoist and government forces' atrocities. The conflict was cited as reason for King Gyanendra's 'royal coup' on Feb. 1 this year, which he launched in the name of establishing peace and security, as the party-based governments of the past had failed to control the rebellion
Nepal has been at odds with neighbouring Bhutan over the repatriation of thousands of refugees living in camps in Nepal. The refugees - Bhutanese of Nepalese descent - fled violence in their homeland in the early 1990s.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1166502.stm
http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/04/01/nepal.government.ap/index.html
Everest, and spectacular scenery and wildlife, the country has great potential as a tourist destination.
It also boasts a distinctive Hindu and Buddhist culture. But its environmental challenges including deforestation, encroachment on animal habitats and vehicle pollution in the capital, Kathmandu.
Most of the population depend on agriculture, and around 40% of Nepalis are estimated to live in poverty.
Foreign aid is vital to the economy and Nepal is also dependent on trade with neighbouring India.
Secondary education consists of lower secondary (grade 6 to 8),
upper secondary (grade 9 to 10) and higher secondary (grade 11 to 12).
Students will receive a School Leaving Certificate after completing grade 10. The streams for higher secondary education are education, science, commerce and humanities after which they receive a Higher Secondary Certificate.
Students have the option of attending Basic Technical Schools after grade 5 to be awarded a Training Level Certificate.
average literacy rate of these groups is 27.7%,
INCOMEThe per capita income in Nepal is only US$250 per annum
The intensity of poverty is highest in the Far and Mid-Western Regions of the country, especially in the hilly areas
http://www.nepal.com/education/
http://www.unesco.org/kathmandu/education/scenario.php
Conditions for Women and Children
Micro-credit programmes
are gaining popularity among women in the camps. These programmes enable women to do economic activities which they can manage themselves. The goods they produce are only sold within the camp so the financial gains of such programmes are not large. But they do enable women to become more self-sufficient to the point that they can meet their household needs, as well as boosting their self esteem and dignity.
Trafficking of girls and women for sexual exploitation in Nepal is a serious problem and has haunted the nation for several decades already. An increasing sex market in India and its illusive underworld network in some urban and rural areas of Nepal have further intensified the problem
Incidence of maternal death is high in Nepal where 1 woman dies every 2 hours. The Nepal Family Health Survey reported that, between January 1997 and January 1998, 132 out of the 640 deaths of all women of reproductive age were due to complications during pregnancy, childbirth or the postpartum period. Maternal deaths accounted for 20.6% of all deaths investigated and were the leading cause of female mortality. 9 out of 10 maternal deaths happened in rural areas and 6 out of 10 happened after delivery. Less than one-third of the women had received antenatal care and only 8% of them had a trained health worker present as they gave birth
.http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/news/opendoc.htm?tbl=NEWS&id=440dbcc54
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12322288&dopt=Abstract
Youth have left their homes or have joined the rebels or have been killed in the civil war between the rebels and the government. Most villages are empty, what ever they have are the old and sick parents unable to make it to the city, and trying to survive the best they can. Kids spend most of their daily life doing house-hold works. Because of the civil war, Nepal's beautiful villages with magnificent mountains and landscape are as empty as ghost town
Most Nepalese live on a $1 day or less!
Nepal is the poorest country in Asia. Country's 10% of the population takes 50% of the wealth, the bottom 40% takes 10%
85% of Nepalese don't have health access
World's 48th poorest country is Nepal
Total Debt of the country * External $2.55 Billion, about $97 per person
Nepalese rural people are poor due to lack of access to resources, low-productivity land, roads to obtain agriculture inputs and to sell agriculture produce
Nepal's many of the social indicators are the lowest in South Asia
Nepal's population will be 48 million by 2030
Did you know that? Rain is very important to Nepal's economy. Country's 80% of people are into agriculture. Often when there is no rain farmers worship the Lord Indra - the mythical Hindu god of rain.
Maoist's bandhs have kept much of Nepal’s countryside paralyzed, causing severe poverty and hardship source
Dollar Amount Per Year http://www.nepalvista.com/realnepal/poverty.htmlHunger http://www.wfp.org/country_brief/indexcountry.asp?country=524
world at 540 per 100,000 live births, adult literacy among the lowest at less than 60 percent, with pronounced gender and regional disparities in school enrolment.
Refugee Issues http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=29462Other Though figures are hard to come by, a recent UN mission on IDPs estimated that between 100,000 to 200,000 Nepalis have been displaced by the 10- year-old insurgency within the country. Several thousands have crossed over into India in search of work and security.
Nearly 12,000 people have died in the conflict, victims of both Maoist and government forces' atrocities. The conflict was cited as reason for King Gyanendra's 'royal coup' on Feb. 1 this year, which he launched in the name of establishing peace and security, as the party-based governments of the past had failed to control the rebellion
Nepal has been at odds with neighbouring Bhutan over the repatriation of thousands of refugees living in camps in Nepal. The refugees - Bhutanese of Nepalese descent - fled violence in their homeland in the early 1990s.http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/country_profiles/1166502.stm
http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/04/01/nepal.government.ap/index.html
Everest, and spectacular scenery and wildlife, the country has great potential as a tourist destination.
It also boasts a distinctive Hindu and Buddhist culture. But its environmental challenges including deforestation, encroachment on animal habitats and vehicle pollution in the capital, Kathmandu.
Most of the population depend on agriculture, and around 40% of Nepalis are estimated to live in poverty.
Foreign aid is vital to the economy and Nepal is also dependent on trade with neighbouring India.
Sunday, March 25, 2007
What is being done in Nepal?
http://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/nepal/
http://www.fao.org/sd/WPdirect/WPre0110.htm
http://www.redp.org.np/
Nepal's population is 50.1% female and 49.9% male. More than 90% of the population lives in rural areas • The literacy rate for women is 25.0%. This is less than half the rate for men (54.5%)
• 90.5% of women are engaged in agriculture as against 74.9% of men• Women have extensive work loads with dual responsibility for farm and household production • Women's work is getting harder and more time consuming due to ecological degradation
• Women play an active role in livestock production and forest resource use• Women contribute considerably to household income through farm and non-farm activities • Women are active as informal traders
The REDP was initiated on 16th August 1996 as a joint programme between Government of Nepal (GoN) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World BankIt complements the rural electrification objective of the Tenth Five Year Plan by promoting micro hydro schemes, solar and wind energy and biogas schemes.
adopts holistic approach by linking rural electrification with rural economic activities and ultimately impact positively on livelihood of the rural people. Decentralized and participatory planning, decision making, implementation, monitoring and evaluation activities are basic pillars for the success of the program
In Nepal the literacy rate for the population of 10 years and above is 39.6%. However, the literacy for women is only 25.0% which is less than half the literacy rate for men (54.5%). Among women a generation difference is evident in educational attainment. The literacy rate among females aged 10-14 years (49.3%) is nearly 14 times higher than that among women aged 55 years and over (3.6%).
· collect gender-disaggregated agro-ecological production-system- based activity information through participatory approaches for local planning;
· conduct a gender-sensitive agricultural human resource census;
· formulate gender-sensitive policies and plans based on gender-roles related to household livelihood strategies and rural poverty and household food security concerns;
· promote gender-disaggreggated technology, training and input need assessment as a basis for agriculture and rural development policy development;
· formulate policies and plans to provide women with access to and control over land, technology and other inputs, particularly credit;
· formulate policies to provide support to enhance women's access to common property resources, to reduce workloads in fuel and fodder collection and livestock management, and to set up aquaculture activities.
· train field staff in gender-sensitive and participatory planning and programme implementation;
· make provision to support forest resource management, farm production and household resource management focusing on women as farmers, instead of merely viewing them as wives of male farmers;
· strengthen gender-equitable extension systems;
· identify and respond to women's needs for agricultural inputs and household technology in close collaboration with researchers, implementing agencies and grassroots workers;
· support women in their livestock and marketing activities by providing local market information, improved transportation and storage facilities, improved processing and packaging techniques, and enhanced credit facilities;
· launch adult literacy and credit programmer with particular focus on women; and
· support development of rural women's networks to strengthen women's programmes in remote mountain regions.
CNNnews article about government's
http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/04/01/nepal.government.ap/index.html
http://www.fao.org/sd/WPdirect/WPre0110.htm
http://www.redp.org.np/
Nepal's population is 50.1% female and 49.9% male. More than 90% of the population lives in rural areas • The literacy rate for women is 25.0%. This is less than half the rate for men (54.5%)
• 90.5% of women are engaged in agriculture as against 74.9% of men• Women have extensive work loads with dual responsibility for farm and household production • Women's work is getting harder and more time consuming due to ecological degradation
• Women play an active role in livestock production and forest resource use• Women contribute considerably to household income through farm and non-farm activities • Women are active as informal traders
The REDP was initiated on 16th August 1996 as a joint programme between Government of Nepal (GoN) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the World BankIt complements the rural electrification objective of the Tenth Five Year Plan by promoting micro hydro schemes, solar and wind energy and biogas schemes.
adopts holistic approach by linking rural electrification with rural economic activities and ultimately impact positively on livelihood of the rural people. Decentralized and participatory planning, decision making, implementation, monitoring and evaluation activities are basic pillars for the success of the program
In Nepal the literacy rate for the population of 10 years and above is 39.6%. However, the literacy for women is only 25.0% which is less than half the literacy rate for men (54.5%). Among women a generation difference is evident in educational attainment. The literacy rate among females aged 10-14 years (49.3%) is nearly 14 times higher than that among women aged 55 years and over (3.6%).
· collect gender-disaggregated agro-ecological production-system- based activity information through participatory approaches for local planning;
· conduct a gender-sensitive agricultural human resource census;
· formulate gender-sensitive policies and plans based on gender-roles related to household livelihood strategies and rural poverty and household food security concerns;
· promote gender-disaggreggated technology, training and input need assessment as a basis for agriculture and rural development policy development;
· formulate policies and plans to provide women with access to and control over land, technology and other inputs, particularly credit;
· formulate policies to provide support to enhance women's access to common property resources, to reduce workloads in fuel and fodder collection and livestock management, and to set up aquaculture activities.
· train field staff in gender-sensitive and participatory planning and programme implementation;
· make provision to support forest resource management, farm production and household resource management focusing on women as farmers, instead of merely viewing them as wives of male farmers;
· strengthen gender-equitable extension systems;
· identify and respond to women's needs for agricultural inputs and household technology in close collaboration with researchers, implementing agencies and grassroots workers;
· support women in their livestock and marketing activities by providing local market information, improved transportation and storage facilities, improved processing and packaging techniques, and enhanced credit facilities;
· launch adult literacy and credit programmer with particular focus on women; and
· support development of rural women's networks to strengthen women's programmes in remote mountain regions.
CNNnews article about government's
http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/04/01/nepal.government.ap/index.html
Politicalhistory, climate, overpopulation, colonialism, economic issues, debt, market economy
This is my friend Tsering Sherpa from Nepal. She just got back from there. Sherpas are known to be guides to the mountain summits. Her dad works to organize groups for the hike up the mountains. American tourist and other nationalities come to Nepal to climb the famous mountain. She is in front of a temple, the second one is of nature and the third one of her and cow in the street.
From these pictures I understand that Nepal is a pretty place to visit. There is different religion dominate there Hinduism and Buddhism and cows could roam the street more often than here.
I added the flag of Nepal and the map of Nepal
The political history of Nepal:
Nepal was an absolute monarchy until there was reform. A parliamentary monarchy was emplaced. The king served as the head of state and the Prime Minster as head of the government.
Nepal has bicameral system: House of Representatives (205) and a National Council (60).
You must be 18 to vote.
The king makes up the Council of Ministers.
There is an unstable government. No government survived more than two years. In April of 2006 the King gives up power and the dissolved house was restored. An interim constitution was formed with Maoist members and there was an increase of numbers of representatives.
Economy:
The nation has a hard time to built its infrastructure because of the hills. There are not many telephones and internet connection is low.
Because of unstable government and civil war Nepal has been struggling to get out of poverty.
Financial aid from India, Japan, and UK, US, EU, China, Switzerland and other Scandinavian countries help Nepal.
The disbution of wealth is very uneven.
Farming cropslike sugarcane, rice, corn and wheat is most farmers grow. There is a high tourism rate because Nepal is seen as exotic because of its Himalayas Mountains and nature.
The work force goes to India to find jobs. Nepal also gets money by having Gurkha soldiers who fight for the Indian and British armies.
GDP of 2005 is Under 39$ billion
Nepal’s export: carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods and grain
Import: gold, machinery, equipment, petroleum products and fertilizer.
Partners for imports: India, United Arab Emirates, China, Saudi Arabia.
Partners for export: US, India and Germany
Nepal has bicameral system: House of Representatives (205) and a National Council (60).
You must be 18 to vote.
The king makes up the Council of Ministers.
There is an unstable government. No government survived more than two years. In April of 2006 the King gives up power and the dissolved house was restored. An interim constitution was formed with Maoist members and there was an increase of numbers of representatives.
Economy:
The nation has a hard time to built its infrastructure because of the hills. There are not many telephones and internet connection is low.
Because of unstable government and civil war Nepal has been struggling to get out of poverty.
Financial aid from India, Japan, and UK, US, EU, China, Switzerland and other Scandinavian countries help Nepal.
The disbution of wealth is very uneven.
Farming cropslike sugarcane, rice, corn and wheat is most farmers grow. There is a high tourism rate because Nepal is seen as exotic because of its Himalayas Mountains and nature.
The work force goes to India to find jobs. Nepal also gets money by having Gurkha soldiers who fight for the Indian and British armies.
GDP of 2005 is Under 39$ billion
Nepal’s export: carpets, clothing, leather goods, jute goods and grain
Import: gold, machinery, equipment, petroleum products and fertilizer.
Partners for imports: India, United Arab Emirates, China, Saudi Arabia.
Partners for export: US, India and Germany
The colonialism of Nepal:
Nepal fought in the Anglo-Nepalese War which defended their current boarders from the British East India Company. The Treaty of Sugauli gave Nepal their own right for self control and the succession of Himachal Pradesh. There has been factionalism in the royal families, the rivalry made the country unstable. During the World wars the leader Ranas helped with the British and by 1923 UK and Nepal formally signed for their independence.
Nepal fought in the Anglo-Nepalese War which defended their current boarders from the British East India Company. The Treaty of Sugauli gave Nepal their own right for self control and the succession of Himachal Pradesh. There has been factionalism in the royal families, the rivalry made the country unstable. During the World wars the leader Ranas helped with the British and by 1923 UK and Nepal formally signed for their independence.
Monday, March 12, 2007
intro to NEPAL!~
Work sited: https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/np.html
This is map of Nepal
Location: Southern Asia, between China and India
Capital: Kathmandu
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/np.html
Population: 28,287,147
Language: Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5%
Political structure: parliamentary democracy
Religion: Hindu 80.6%, Buddhist 10.7 %, Muslim 4.2% and other is .9%
(Only official Hindu state in the world)
Leader: Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA
Government: Parliament and cabinet, judicial, legislative and executive branch is appointed by the monarchy. Nepal will have elections. Interim Parliament was formed on 15 January 2007 following the promulgation of an interim constitution
Allies:
Independence: 1768 unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah
Internal: refugees (country of origin): 106,248 (Bhutan), 20,153 (Tibet/China) IDPs: 100,000-200,000 (ongoing conflict between government forces and Maoist rebels; displacement spread across the country)
Adversaries: Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, a.k.a. PRACHANDA, chairman
External: Maoist insurgents and illegal cross-border activities; approximately 103,000 Bhutanese Lhotshampas (Hindus) have been confined in refugee camps in southeastern Nepal since 1990
illicit producer of cannabis and hashish for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast Asia to the West
Environment: mountains highest peak Mount Everest. Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
This is map of Nepal
Location: Southern Asia, between China and India
Capital: Kathmandu
https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/np.html
Population: 28,287,147
Language: Nepali 47.8%, Maithali 12.1%, Bhojpuri 7.4%, Tharu (Dagaura/Rana) 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.6%, Magar 3.3%, Awadhi 2.4%, other 10%, unspecified 2.5%
Political structure: parliamentary democracy
Religion: Hindu 80.6%, Buddhist 10.7 %, Muslim 4.2% and other is .9%
(Only official Hindu state in the world)
Leader: Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA
Government: Parliament and cabinet, judicial, legislative and executive branch is appointed by the monarchy. Nepal will have elections. Interim Parliament was formed on 15 January 2007 following the promulgation of an interim constitution
Allies:
Independence: 1768 unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah
Internal: refugees (country of origin): 106,248 (Bhutan), 20,153 (Tibet/China) IDPs: 100,000-200,000 (ongoing conflict between government forces and Maoist rebels; displacement spread across the country)
Adversaries: Communist Party of Nepal - Maoist Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, a.k.a. PRACHANDA, chairman
External: Maoist insurgents and illegal cross-border activities; approximately 103,000 Bhutanese Lhotshampas (Hindus) have been confined in refugee camps in southeastern Nepal since 1990
illicit producer of cannabis and hashish for the domestic and international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast Asia to the West
Environment: mountains highest peak Mount Everest. Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
Tuesday, February 27, 2007
I watched four films about American brands, such brands like Nike and Gap. No Logo. The woman is talking about multiple national corporations and global shift with free trade in other world’s globalization. There is Globalization, where all the same brands are everywhere in the world. It is not about changing politics not national but global. Why are the conditions of back lash? Shell, McDonalds and other corporations what liberated to the youth to speak out. True product idea or life style, Brands are being creatively produce for us the consumer to desire this unless products. Choice the freedom of making one’s decision but these corporations is providing young people to buy their products.
The quality of work is an issue. The labor problem is not addressed. She talks about the history of the mass products disruption. There is lack of connection of the local providers and now products being made over seas. The personal relationship of selling and buying products is not there anymore. Waltz Disney, small town American dream. The Nike core idea is the nature of sports. It was lost “American dream” commodity and used community devalued. Virgin Records selling an idea and running to get as much money as possible. The individually of people is what Virgin Records is selling to the young masses. The most recognized people promoting these brands.
the media has a huge part of this globalization. Its about money and money and power.
The quality of work is an issue. The labor problem is not addressed. She talks about the history of the mass products disruption. There is lack of connection of the local providers and now products being made over seas. The personal relationship of selling and buying products is not there anymore. Waltz Disney, small town American dream. The Nike core idea is the nature of sports. It was lost “American dream” commodity and used community devalued. Virgin Records selling an idea and running to get as much money as possible. The individually of people is what Virgin Records is selling to the young masses. The most recognized people promoting these brands.
the media has a huge part of this globalization. Its about money and money and power.
Monday, February 5, 2007
Klare says...
Klare states that Bush’s 1# concern was procure more energy, especially oil. First is the degree of dependence of this society on cheap and abundant petroleum, oil is crucial and talks about the history of the dependence of oil. The development of the Saudi connection started with Roosevelt and the royal family a “hush hush” meeting and with no records. An unwritten agreement with the United States for Saudi's oil in exchange for protection
Klare’s conclusion is that the 9-11 was not the result for the invasion of Iraq in 2002 but it has been leading up to that since the first gulf war. The senior Bush’s sectary of defense planning head what could happen. But through the containment policies the following president kept and the close ties with the Saudi Royal Family. The invasion was going to happen anyways. The previous administration tried to put sanctions and smoke out Saddam from Iraq from his own people but in the long run the United States was hurting the people more than Saddam. Oil is a big factor for the invasion and alignment with Saudi. This is a step that the United States to ensure themselves with supply of oil in both countries.
Klare sounds very much like my high school Latin teacher. My teacher Mr. McGrath said the same thing about the oil and that 9-11 was not the reason why the invasion of Iraq happened. He also said that oil was a huge reason why Middle East is such an important area for the United States because of our decency on oil. Klare is very knowedgeable of the history of foreign policy and its relations for the invasion of the Middle East.
Klare’s conclusion is that the 9-11 was not the result for the invasion of Iraq in 2002 but it has been leading up to that since the first gulf war. The senior Bush’s sectary of defense planning head what could happen. But through the containment policies the following president kept and the close ties with the Saudi Royal Family. The invasion was going to happen anyways. The previous administration tried to put sanctions and smoke out Saddam from Iraq from his own people but in the long run the United States was hurting the people more than Saddam. Oil is a big factor for the invasion and alignment with Saudi. This is a step that the United States to ensure themselves with supply of oil in both countries.
Klare sounds very much like my high school Latin teacher. My teacher Mr. McGrath said the same thing about the oil and that 9-11 was not the reason why the invasion of Iraq happened. He also said that oil was a huge reason why Middle East is such an important area for the United States because of our decency on oil. Klare is very knowedgeable of the history of foreign policy and its relations for the invasion of the Middle East.
Friday, February 2, 2007
Black Diamond
Black Diamond was disturbing but also was very good movie, the only thing that was annoying was the “love” story that was thrown in there. I did not believe it for once second. Common on. Hollywood version but most probably most intriguing story line yet. I think a typical American would not think about where the diamond came form. It seems like that the diamond trade in developing states.
Child Soldiers are very sad, the destruction of a child innocence taken away. The horror that a child must go through to kill another human is unimaginable. What torture that child must go through. That is the saddest part of the movie for me. Guns, violence no wonder that a child who goes through that experience will be scared for life. I hope that there are many kind of people like that one guy who helped to rescue the children.
The everyday violence and the worried parents have to go through from the rebels in civil war countries. And even this move was so recent dates not even ten years ago. This movie was eye opener to me because of the diamond trade. The heartless people can be with resources that are on high demand by rich countries that has the power to ask for so much for such a small stone. The hard work that these forced labor men what to go through for nothing. The fuel of weapons and the need to kill their own brothers in the same country is crushing. The village attack at the beginning of the movie was really sad. The realistic view of the ending that it would not most likely not happened that way. To find your family alive and back together like that. The million refuges that are forced in the cam and can not get released are damaging.
The natural resource like diamond is helping people guying guns and forcing people in slavery. It sounds like something that would happen two hundred years ago but still happening today. The United Nations Food Program was showed in the film but it was not enough. It was hard to get to these remote places where these refugees were at. I can not imagine the workers that can not feel helpful. The media converge was accurate. The women’s character was on the money when she talked about American not caring about Africans dying. I would recommend this film for introduction to my developing world class too.
Child Soldiers are very sad, the destruction of a child innocence taken away. The horror that a child must go through to kill another human is unimaginable. What torture that child must go through. That is the saddest part of the movie for me. Guns, violence no wonder that a child who goes through that experience will be scared for life. I hope that there are many kind of people like that one guy who helped to rescue the children.
The everyday violence and the worried parents have to go through from the rebels in civil war countries. And even this move was so recent dates not even ten years ago. This movie was eye opener to me because of the diamond trade. The heartless people can be with resources that are on high demand by rich countries that has the power to ask for so much for such a small stone. The hard work that these forced labor men what to go through for nothing. The fuel of weapons and the need to kill their own brothers in the same country is crushing. The village attack at the beginning of the movie was really sad. The realistic view of the ending that it would not most likely not happened that way. To find your family alive and back together like that. The million refuges that are forced in the cam and can not get released are damaging.
The natural resource like diamond is helping people guying guns and forcing people in slavery. It sounds like something that would happen two hundred years ago but still happening today. The United Nations Food Program was showed in the film but it was not enough. It was hard to get to these remote places where these refugees were at. I can not imagine the workers that can not feel helpful. The media converge was accurate. The women’s character was on the money when she talked about American not caring about Africans dying. I would recommend this film for introduction to my developing world class too.
Thursday, January 25, 2007
how the Power Elite rules us.
The power elite are not like me my parents and certainty not the average American. I believe family with connection because of their last names get better treatment and further power. Having the Ivy legend, education, name, money, prestige in most American elites. Only a few people can achieve such power status like a Senator or Governor. Gender has a lot to do with women still struggling into power positions in gov. But to make male politican not to be sexist he may have a women running mate or assign to their team. Women and anyone in the minority also get the short hand of the stick. Women, elders and disable people are poorest among American because few have the money capabilities they cant run for office. Campaigning for office takes money. You are not a good leader because you have money. Change takes time but somehow the elite keeps finding ways to keep us afar so we can not achieve the same thing. I would like to see a senator try to live on minimine wage or homeless and trying to find a job. I think Johnson is right about that the elite feeds us a bunch of scarps and make illusions that they can but really what us to be inferior. Other countries see uses self powerful. Although our country is 100% perfect but still need a lot more improvement. We control a lot of power in world organizations that thought to be "fair." Power can be abused because of natures selfishness. Power elite will always have the upper hand. Why the masses do not up rise either they do not care or poorly uneducated to understand their rights. Scientist who think the fittest will prevail is true. the strongest overcome the weak because they know how to play the weak. That is why the weak is following the strong. the weak does not have the capablitites of the strong. Everyone is not equal nor the same. everyone has good qualities to become good leaders. the question is if the leader will be ethical and fair for all. I believe that our government is controlled by the social structure of the rich and influence. somehow this replays through out history and will continue.
Friday, January 19, 2007
HI my name is....
Elizabeth Susan Windham. I'm 22 and from Lititz Pa. I was born in Taegu South Korea.
my hometown Lititz is known for two things it's wilber chocolate and preztal. i'm an international studies major and focus on Asian studies. My minor is Sociology. I really enjoy learning about different cultures. I love to travel. I have been to brazil, taiwan, korea twice, germany and austria. I also enjoy history and like to know why things happen. I can only speak English but i took chinese as my second language. I hope to continue to study chinese so i can be fluent some day. I believe diversity is wonderful and it makes life more interesting.
I am looking forward to the semester with Johnson since i know him from sociology club. although i heard he's a tough teacher but i think i'll learn a lot more than i expect. I know it's going to be hard since i'm also taking Levy's class too. i have a lot on my plate and i think i have been waiting to show myself that i can handle this much work. after all i been here for four years. My last semester at wvwc i hope to go out with a bang.
I have difficult time on writing so i hope my writing won't scare him. I have help with LBP with that. I hope to develope better critical thinking and communicate what i'm thinking better to others. I will prepare my work ahead of time and be on time.
i'm working on my senior thesis and hope i can comply all of the useful information from this class into my thesis.
my hometown Lititz is known for two things it's wilber chocolate and preztal. i'm an international studies major and focus on Asian studies. My minor is Sociology. I really enjoy learning about different cultures. I love to travel. I have been to brazil, taiwan, korea twice, germany and austria. I also enjoy history and like to know why things happen. I can only speak English but i took chinese as my second language. I hope to continue to study chinese so i can be fluent some day. I believe diversity is wonderful and it makes life more interesting.
I am looking forward to the semester with Johnson since i know him from sociology club. although i heard he's a tough teacher but i think i'll learn a lot more than i expect. I know it's going to be hard since i'm also taking Levy's class too. i have a lot on my plate and i think i have been waiting to show myself that i can handle this much work. after all i been here for four years. My last semester at wvwc i hope to go out with a bang.
I have difficult time on writing so i hope my writing won't scare him. I have help with LBP with that. I hope to develope better critical thinking and communicate what i'm thinking better to others. I will prepare my work ahead of time and be on time.
i'm working on my senior thesis and hope i can comply all of the useful information from this class into my thesis.
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